EYE DISORDER MEDICINES

EYE DISORDER MEDICINES

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For questions 1-6; match the descriptions in the table with an eye disorder (a-f) by writing the correct letter into the answer column.  You should use each eye disorder once. 

Descriptions	Answer
Q1) The eyelid and the roots of the eyelashes are red and swollen
Q2) The coloured part of the eye is inflamed. The eye is painful and vision is impaired. If this condition is not treated then permanent visual problems can occur
Q3) The main symptom is dry eyes. If it is not treated, ulceration may occur
Q4) The conjunctiva is inflamed. There is a yellow discharge coming from the eye
Q5) The conjunctiva is inflamed. The commonest cause of this condition is hayfever
Q6) There is a staphylococcal infection of the hair follicle gland at the base of an eyelash

(f) Iritis

(b) Allergic conjunctivitis

(d) A stye

(e) Infected conjunctivitis

(a) Tear deficiency

(c) Blepharitis

 

Complete the columns below for Question 7Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Question 8 Primary Closed Angle Glaucoma.

	Q7  - Primary Open Angle Glaucoma	Q8 - Primary Closed Angle Glaucoma
What happens in the eye?
What is the speed of symptom onset?
What are the symptoms?
What are the risk factors or triggers?

For each of the eyedisorders in questions9-15 you will be given the name of a drug and an action. Firstly decide whether the drug can be used for the disorder. Then decide if the action described would help the disorder. Then make a decision on whether the action is a correct description of how the drug is used to help the patient.

After this, select the appropriate answer using the options below:

A – The drug can be used for this disorder and the action is a correct description of how the drug works B – The drug can be used to treat this disorder but the action is not the correct description of how the drug works C – The drug is NOT used for this disorder but the action described would help to treat a patient with this disorder D – The action is a correct description of how the drug works, however the drug is NOT used for this disorder

Questions 9 and 10 are concerned with tear deficiency

 

9) Drug: Timolol eye drops

 Action: Reduces the production of the aqueous humour

10)Drug:Hypromellose eye drops

 Action: Acts as artificial tears

Questions 11 and 12 are concerned with theiritis

 

11)Drug: Acetazolamide tablets

Action: Reduces inflammation

12) Drug:Betamethasone drops (for eyes)

 Action: Increases the production of the aqueous humour

Questions 13 and14are concerned with primary closed angle glaucoma

 

13)Drug: Pilocarpine eye drops

Action: Constricts the ciliary muscle, which facilitates aqueous outflow

 

14) Drug:Atropine eye drops

Action:Reduces intraocular pressure

Question 15 is concerned with open angle glaucoma

15) Drug: Bimatoprost eye drops

Action: Increases the outflow of humour

For questions 16-21, match the medications in the table with their side effects (a-e) by writing the correct letter into the table.

Medication	Side effects
Q16) Timolol eye drops
Q17) Betamethasone drops (for eyes)
Q18) Pilocarpine eye drops
Q19) Acetazolamide tablets
Q20) Atropine eye drops
Q21) Bimatoprost eye drops

(b) Ocular side effects include stinging and raised intraocular pressure.  Contact dermatitis can also occur.  Systemic side effects include dry mouth, constipation and slow heart rate.

(a) Thinning of the cornea and sclera, glaucoma and cataracts

Side effects (you should use each of these once)

(c) Bronchospasm and slow heart rate can occur.  There may be ocular side effects such as burning, stinging and allergic reactions, which can result in anaphylaxis.

(e)Blood disorders and rashes can occur.   There may be gastro-intestinal disturbance, loss of appetite, headache, dizziness and hearing disturbances.

(f) Headache and browache, which can be worse in the first 2–4 weeks of treatment.There may be ocular side effects such as burning, itching, lens changes and blurred vision. Systemic side-effects are rare.

(d) Brown pigmentation of the iris, blepharitis, eye pain and irritation, skin rash, headache. The eyelashes may become thicker, longer and darker

 

Questions 22 to 24 refer to a lady who comes into your pharmacy with a prescription for Lumigan® eye drops (containing bimatoprost 100 micrograms/ml)

22) What time of the day should she apply this medication? (P2)

a) Morning only

b) Evening only

c) Night time only

d) Morning and night time

23) What counselling could you give on how to use these eye drops? (P4)

24) The lady says that she is thinking of getting contact lenses. Bearing in mind thatshe has been prescribed Lumigan eye drops, what counseling would you give her on contact lens use? (P4)

Question 25 to 28 refer to a gentleman who comes into the pharmacy with symptoms of infected conjunctivitis.

25) What over the counter product could the pharmacist recommend? (P2)

26) What are the dosage instructions for this product and how long should it be used for? (P2)

27) Describe 3 common side effects of this product and explain what counselling you would give to the gentleman on how to store the product correctly. (P3 and P4)

28) When should the patient discard the medication? (P4)