The
Difference Between An Effect Of Morning And Evening Exercise On
Appetite And Meal Ingestion
Introduction
Exercise
helps to improve the appetite; however it is not recognized if exercise timings
improve appetite more efficiently. According to Alizadeh, Mostafaee,
Mazaheri & Younespour (2015)
the exercise timing may impacts its effectiveness on appetite and meal
ingestion. Time-dependent exercise generally has different results, depending
on the type of exercise, timing, and hormonal alteration. Maraki et al
(2005) showed a difference in the intensity of hunger with morning and
afternoon exercise, nevertheless they didn’t find any considerable differences
in hunger alterations with the morning and afternoon exercise regime. This
study also demonstrated a greater rate of apparent exertion in the participants
who were in the morning group. Similarly, another study found that exercise performed
in the morning required more efforts, yet outcomes of both morning and evening
exercise were same (Maraki, Tsofliou, Pitsiladis
, Malkova, Mutrie, & Higgins, 2005). Alizadeh,Younespour, Rajabian
& Haghravan (2017) found significant changes in appetite, calorie
intake and body weight among the participants who were doing exercise in the
morning compared to the participants who were performing evening exercises. Conversely,
an increase in the changes of level of neuromuscular performance has been
observed during exercise performed in the evening time (Seo et al., 2013). Thus, the
aim of this study is to demonstrate the difference between an effect of morning and evening exercise on appetite and food intake.
Background
The
two most important lifestyle behaviours are exercise and diet that can affect
hunger and meal ingestion; therefore eventually changing energy balance. The
regulation of food intake and appetite are affected by several neural and hormonal
factors, e.g. body size, diet, temperature, and exercise, gut motility, and
extent of dehydration (Cornier, Melanson ,
Salzberg, Bechtell &Tregellas, 2012).
The assimilation of these factors within the brain, particularly the
hypothalamus, reveals the existing energy condition of the body, which is then
utilised to either initiate or curb appetite. The appetite is initiated partly
by hormone known as ghrelin, an anorexic hormone. Exercise is believed to
alter not only ghrelin but also other gut appetite-regulating hormones like
glucagon-like peptide and peptide YY. Evidence indicate that exercise can
briefly suppress appetite for two to ten hours (Schubert, Sabapathy,
Leveritt & Desbrow, 2014).
Food
intake is not only controlled by a homeostatic energy balance system. Or else,
appetite could be more in the morning after an overnight fast period. Likewise, there is a difference in meal ingestion
before and after exercise.
According to
research a food intake before performing an exercise appears to be effective
for reducing fats and body weight in addition to increasing the strength of the
skeletal muscle
(Sasaki, Ohtsu, Ikeda, Tsubosaka & Shibata, 2014). Eating
a breakfast prior to exercise may offer a helpful, albeit momentary, impact on
appetite control since it leads to better appetite control following exercise
(Veasey et al., 2015).On the other hand, a study found that doing exercise
before breakfast had higher efficiency in decreasing body fats. According to
them exercise performed after a meal ingestion showed little effect on the
oxidation of fat. The oxidation of fat during exercise was drastically
decreased by ingestion of carbohydrate before the exercise (Iwayama, et al., 2015). Similarly, there is a difference between morning
and evening exercise effects on appetite and food intake. This academic study
attempts to examine this impact of exercise timing on appetite and meal
ingestion.
References
Alizadeh Z, Mostafaee M, Mazaheri R, Younespour S.
Acute Effect of Morning and Afternoon Aerobic Exercise on Appetite of
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Maraki M, Tsofliou F, Pitsiladis YP, Malkova D, Mutrie
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http://doi.org/10.3390/nu7075250
